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QUESTION 44
Which was an idea behind the Self-Strengthening Movement?
to end Western influence by launching an anti-foreign uprising through local militia units
to establish a radical reform program of abolishing private property and distribution of wealth
to change the imperial form of government by ending China’s agrarian-based peasant society
to allow local leaders to raise troops and levy taxes to promote military and economic reform 2 points
QUESTION 45
Which best describes the purpose for creation of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact?
to form a countermeasure against the military policies of NATO
to encourage economic prosperity and industrial capacity
to supersede the peacemaking efforts of the newly created UN
to end Europe’s global influence by decolonizing the Third World 2 points
QUESTION 46
Which describes an impact of industrialization efforts in Russia?
Railway construction opened Siberia to large-scale settlement and exploitation.
Recently freed serfs congregated in cities to obtain higher-paying factory jobs.
A newly minted middle class pushed the republican ideal of constitutional government.
Entrepreneurial initiative was inspired by western European industrial models. 2 points
QUESTION 47
Why were the World War II battles in the Pacific significant?
Japan roused the resource-rich United States into a long-term war the Japanese could not win.
German troops received a boost from Japan in its victories against the United States.
British forces were drawn to the fight in the Pacific, weakening their fight against Hitler.
Axis nations were forced to send reinforcements to Japan in its fight with the United States. 2 points
QUESTION 48
Which was not a colonial legacy in Latin America?
economic inequality resulting from mercantilism
predominance of power in ruling elites’ hands
Enlightenment ideal of limited government
patriarchal society supported by Catholicism 2 points
QUESTION 49
Which was not an impact of the Great Depression on Latin America?
Dictatorships emerged.
U.S. interference waned.
Marxism gained popularity.
Political extremism rose. 2 points
QUESTION 50
Which was a role of agriculture in the Islamic empires?
The population grew as a result of new food crops.
Women rose to prominence through crop cultivation.
Surplus agricultural production financed armies.
Elite landowners gained importance in government. 2 points
QUESTION 51
Which was not an Enlightenment ideal that inspired nineteenth-century revolutions?
individual freedom
equality before the law
divine right of kings
popular sovereignty 2 points
QUESTION 52
Why did communism fall in Eastern Europe?
economic weakness of communist regimes
end to antagonism with the United States and NATO
removal of Soviet nuclear weapons in Europe
mass emigration to western European nations 2 points
QUESTION 53
Which was a cause of the wars of independence in Latin America?
resentment of powerful white aristocratic creoles who dominated Peninsulares
adoption of French-style revolutionary ideas about equality, liberty, and fraternity
espousal of European socialist ideology by the exploited lower classes
harsh mercantilist economic policies imposed by European mother countries 2 points
QUESTION 54
Which is not an impact of economic inequities?
A small number of people in the developed world possess the majority of global wealth.
Hundreds of millions of people in the developing world struggle for adequate shelter.
Resulting poverty leads to malnutrition which stunts growth and mental development.
The developing world lacks capital to invest in new technologies to improve economies. 2 points
QUESTION 55
Which was an impact of the end of the slave trade?
the movement to abolish the institution of slavery
legal freedom for African and African-Americans
the gradual granting of political equality to former slaves
increased social and economic opportunities for former slaves 2 points
QUESTION 56
Which does not describe decolonization efforts in Africa after World War II?
For eight years, the French violently resisted Algeria’s efforts at independence.
White minority South Africans demanded and received independence from Britain.
Britain’s gradual transfer of power to Ghanaians meant the end of its empire.
Kenya’s Mau Mau nationalist violence broke British resolve to maintain its colony. 2 points
QUESTION 57
Which was not an early component of industrial capitalism?
mass production
modern corporations
mercantilist policies
wealthy monopolies 2 points
QUESTION 58
Which was the primary purpose of Axis occupation and administration of conquered territories?
to advance political ideology
to further nationalistic ambitions
economic exploitation
military domination

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